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Archive for March, 2008

The Internet and its hierarchy of needs

photo of Michel Bauwens

Michel Bauwens
31st March 2008


Internet Hierarchy of Needs

Kaila Colbin of the VortexDNA blog has a great series on the evolution of the internet, inspired by Abraham Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory. It starts here and then goes through the five stages separately.

Here’s a summary of the main points of the series:

The concept behind a hierarchy of needs is simple: each need must be filled before the next one becomes important, and each need loses its importance as it gets filled. With that in mind, the primary need in any system will be that of existence. Without existence, there is no point in worrying about hyperlinks, or semantics, or indexing, or metatagging.

The question at each level is always, “What problem do we have to solve before we can begin to worry about anything else?””

Level 1: Existence

Thesis: Basic elements for the Internet to work: computers connecting to each other and volume of documents

More discussion here.

**

Level 2: Connectivity

Thesis: The ability to connect to and between documents and sites, and its subsequent implications

More discussion here.

Kaila writes:

So what is the distinction between being able to connect computers and being able to link from within documents?

I think it’s huge.

Connecting computers means I give you a key to my filing cabinet. You can look in it, read files, and maybe edit them or make some copies if I let you or if you don’t care about my IP. Powerful stuff.

Not nearly as powerful, though, as the ability to connect from within documents. Here’s why: when I link from within a document, the object of my link becomes a part of the document. The document becomes defined through the relationship, rather than existing as a stand-alone item that can be accessed externally.

This is a significant evolutionary step. This is the difference between a collection of atoms and a living creature. This is the difference between Archie and Google.

Our existence is defined by relationships. You are live in relation to a place, work in relation to a job, love in relation to a partner. You are Rosemary’s granddaughter and the spitting image of your father.

The difference between Level 1 and Level 2 is the difference between a collection of hardware and a natural system.”

**

Level 3: Interpreting Patterns

Thesis: The ability to sort and search, based on titles, metatags, and document contents

More discussion here.

Kaila writes:

Without a doubt the best book that I’ve read on Level 3 is John Battelle’s The Search. In the beginning, nothing about how to organize the medium was obvious: indexing, traffic, monetizing… it was all fair game, and all of these problems had to be solved in order to create a viable and stable (somewhat) platform on which to build businesses and economies.

Google’s PageRank algorithm underscores the distinct importance of Level 2 as compared to Level 1. The correlation between relationships and relevance is undeniable, spam attempts notwithstanding. PageRank says, “You can’t look at these documents and sites in a vacuum. The way to understand them is through their connections to each other.”

Level 2 says the connections have to exist, and Level 3 says that we have to be able to interpret them.

We are at Level 3 now. We will likely be at Level 3 for several years to come. Most personalization attempts exist at Level 3. Google’s algorithm tweaks exist at Level 3. Most of Charles’ alternate search engines have business models based on Level 3.

There’s nothing wrong with Level 3, of course. It has worked remarkably well for ten years, and will continue to serve us until we supplant it. But you can already hear the rumblings… once we get this stuff organized, then what? And that will take us to Level 4, Semantic Needs, for which you’ll have to tune in tomorrow.”

**

Level 4: Semantic Needs

Thesis: The ability to derive meaning from language, content and context

More discussion here.

Kaila writes:

Level 4 is where we get into semantics: interpreting content and deriving meaning therefrom.

**

Level 5: Actualization

Thesis: The Web becomes a frictionless tool for personal growth and fulfillment

More discussion here.

For the past week, we’ve been progressing inexorably towards realizing the full potential of the Internet by asking the same question over and over: “Once we’ve done X, what’s next?”

* Once we’ve connected computers to each other, we can connect documents to each other.

* Once we’ve connected documents to each other, we can extrapolate meaning from the connections.

* Once we’ve extrapolated meaning from the connections, we can extrapolate meaning from the data.

* And now, Level 5: once we’ve extrapolated meaning from the data, the Web can become actualized, and, in doing so, fulfill its role as a tool for our self-actualization.”

This is what Level 5 of the Internet Hierarchy is about: the technology ceases to matter, and our focus returns to the true meaning of what we’re doing.

We begin to use the Internet to improve early disease detection and rapid disaster response. We use it to combat climate change. We use it to map the human genome.

Posted in P2P Hierarchy Theory, P2P Spirituality, P2P Subjectivity, P2P Technology, P2P Theory, Uncategorized | 1 Comment »

Henrik Igo’s critique of the (Geldart) Active Web proposal

photo of Michel Bauwens

Michel Bauwens
31st March 2008


Henrik Igo reacts to our presentation of the proposal of Joe Geldart towards an Active Web. The intervention of Henrik is rather technical, but still of interest for non-developers.

Henrik Igo:

The Document web definition is fine, it is what anyone would consider “Web 1.0″. What I strongly disagree with is the authors criticism or belittlement of current “Web 2.0“. In my opinion a significant shift in the web happened with the maturation of the Firefox browser, which released an avalanche of web based applications and portals that made heavy use of JavaScript and CSS. (If someone wouldn’t like the term “Web2.0″ it may be better and clearer to call this “The advent of AJAX”.)

Before Firefox there where 2 browsers, Internet Explorer and Netscape that supported advanced JavaScript, but they supported totally different versions of it (the standardised version today is the IE one, a testament to the fact that MS indeed employs some very good programmers, the ones that happened to work on IE from 4.x to 6.x before 2001). Therefore most pages that tried to do anything with JavaScript or advanced CSS supported only one of these browsers, or sometimes tried to support both of them, often with poor results. And many in the universities or Open Source crowds for instance were still using text-based browsers – which is notable because at the time this group had significant mindshire in the web’s development. For all of these reasons use of JavaScript was considered evil by (in my opinion) a majority of web developers and what was then called “Dynamic HTML” was mostly a phenomenon of the Microsoft camp. (Even today if you use the web interface to Microsoft Exchange email, it is very nice on IE but barely usable on Firefox.)

With the advent of Firefox – which supported the then standardised IE style of JavaScript – the situation started changing, since there now was a standard, and a free multiplatform browser to support the standard. Quite soon very cool web based apps were born, led by Google maps, Google mail… This was called AJAX programming, as in Asynchronous JavaScript and XML. Compared to Microsofts DHTML evangelisation this was much cooler technology than anyone had ever dreamt of, and availability of an Open Source browser to support it made also the opposition vanish. So imho this, and not IE4.x with DHTML support was the de fact next phase of the web.

At the same time we had developed some additional techniques – most signicant would prehaps be RSS and the family of XML markups used to provide blog feeds. This lead to a collaboration between websites beyond linking: You could provide parts of another blog or newssite on your own page, for instance. Or to take a very different example, BookMooch uses Amazon to provide data and cataloguing of books. Yet, BookMooch is a site for free sharing of old books, you’d think Amazon wouldn’t like “helping out” such a project. Not so, in reality lots of BookMooch users end up buying books on Amazon. In fact, BookMooch probably makes most of its income based on money they get from Amazon for these referrals.

AJAX combined with RSS and some other by then standard tools (wiki is a significant one) is in my opinion rightly called Web2.0. This is very different from the original document based web and rightly has been given its own name.

Web2.0 is NOT the social web (like FaceBook, LinkedIn). The social web is merely an application of Web2.0, technically it doesn’t contribute anything new. (Well, apart from FaceBooks innovation of letting 3rd parties develop applications embedded in its own site, that is a great innovation, but it is not “THE social web”.) Why the social web is so much hyped is in this context in fact a good question, I believe there is in fact a little pyramid scheme to it all. I mean Facebook is fun and all, but it isn’t THAT fun, I think the effective inviting mechanism plays a part.

This is the point we are now. Now for my own predictions:

Next we will see the advent of the Single sign-on web, most likely emodied in the form of OpenID. (SSO means you don’t have to create new logins for every site, you just use one main identity and password to log in to each site. Obviously the sites you log in to don’t get to know your password, they just accept the referral from your ISP, mail provider, or other OpenID provider you are using.) This imho will add further granularity to the web, in that users can come and go more fluidly than today, where you make a choice to register and join FaceBook but not something else. This in turn should foster a development where we can again have smaller sites providing one small funny little piece of the social web, instead of the monolithic FaceBooks of today. This would be in line with what Web2.0 was all about, Facebook et al are in fact a countertrend to the Web2.0 trend if seen in this light.

Whether a “decentralised social web” will arise from this is a good question, and whether the Global Giant Graph will emerge from that is an even better question. It might, but it might end up something entirely different. The GGG is technically possible today, and how OpenID works there are some similarities to the RDF used in GGG, so once OpenID becomes popular, the next step might be to not just externalise (or decentralise) your login credentials but also your social connections. But we will know the answer to this in something like 5 years.

The proposal in the end on new HTTP commands is just pure folly (it is just the wrong place to do it, period), which underlines that the author wasn’t just slightly off with his Web2.0 comments, but in fact knows nothing at all about the technology he is talking about. To implement such functionality by extending HTTP would imho be quite silly, and in fact a peer-to-peer protocol like SIP would probably be a better starting point in the first place, and even then you wouldn’t do it by commands like those, but you’d develop an XML based document language to transmit this kind of information.”

Michel Bauwens comment: Henrik, could it be that the Active Web proposal could have merit, without being tied to a specific technical proposal on how to implement it? It seems that your critique is focused on the latter mostly.

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Posted in P2P Technology, Uncategorized | 2 Comments »

Books sold in our P2P Bookshop: 2008

photo of Jeff Petry

Jeff Petry
31st March 2008


The following books were among the best-sellers from our Bookshop this year.  We now have an extensive collection of the best P2P-related books for your selection.  Please remember that all proceeds go towards supporting the P2P Foundation, and that if you plan to buy any book on Amazon, we will get credit for it if you go to Amazon through us!

Among the top books in our hit parade:

Capitalism 3.0
Cyber-Marx
Free Software, Free Society
Democratization Innovation
Infotopia
Open Business Models
Open Life
Class of the New
Long Tail
Play Ethic
Starfish and Spider
The Wealth of Networks
The Wisdom of Crowds
Who Controls the Internet?
We appreciate your support. If you feel any important books are missing from our shop, please do let us know.

Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

Joe Geldart on the future of the (active) web

photo of Michel Bauwens

Michel Bauwens
30th March 2008


What comes next?

Joe Geldart has an extensive interpretation of the history and future of the web, which I found very appealing as a non-technical observer, but which our associate Henrik Igo criticizes on technical grounds. We recommend reading the whole article, of which we present a summary here, and tomorrow, we will present Henrik’s commentary.

For background, Geldart distinguishes an evolution in three steps, from the original Document Web, via the current Data Web, but towards the coming Active Web.

Joe summarizes the past evolution as follows:

Both the Document Web and the Data Web rely upon a very simple idea; that of providing names to things. In the Document Web, these names are locators; they tell you where to find documents so that you can download them. Appropriately, these names are called Universal Resource Locators (URLs). The Data Web goes a step further and provides the ability to name things you can’t download such as the book you just read, the idea you just had and the action you’re about to do. These names are called Universal Resource Identifiers (URIs) and subsume URLs.”

What then are we moving to?

The current models of the Web are very passive and static things. By contrast, humans are active and dynamic. All the information which is on the Web is a product of human action in some form. Whether it be written by hand, or the result of a human-conceived piece of software which automates a task, there is nothing available in the medium which hasn’t been touched human thought in some fashion. Now, human conception isn’t a static thing; we aren’t born with everything we are ever going to know. We learn, we adapt, we make mistakes in our beliefs which we then correct. All this happens instinctively, and without effort.

It should be clear from this that the assimilation of information, its understanding and subsequent dissemination, can be seen as a form of process. We learn by acting. We communicate by acting. Our use of the Web is just a particular form of action, allowing us to find parcelled snippets of another’s thoughts. As the disagreement problem shows, there is no inherent semantics to the information on the Web, just the meanings we acquire through our readings.

This then is what I propose as the next phase of the Web; accepting the fundamental rôle that process plays. This entails a number of important changes in perspective. Rather than treating information on the Web as having meaning in and of itself, it only gains its meaning through its users (be they machine or human). Equally, the openness of the Web entails that we accept disagreement and provide mechanisms to deal with it which don’t require us to discard so much information. Rather than a fundamental distinction between producers (the servers) and consumers (the clients), we should treat production as merely as one outcome of the consumption process. I propose then a Web of equal-agents-before-God, with no a priori distinctions between them, communicating on the same footing. This proposal I term the Active Web.

And this is why the transition is important:

This view of the Web, as a collection of discrete and immutable documents is what I term the Document Web.

The logical next step is to dissolve the boundaries between documents and provide meaning to the structure of the contents. This is the key idea behind the Giant Global Graph. This has been the focus of two mildly-competing efforts. One, XML, tries to make document representation mechanical and so maximise the reuse of tools. The other, RDF, tries to provide a formal data-model for the Web. I say mildly competing because there is a difference is direction between the two projects, and some overlap in goals. XML starts with the premise that the ‘Document is King’ and represents all data in the form of a tree of structured parts. RDF, starts from the idea of the Web, that ‘Connection is King’ and works backwards to specific item representations from there. In light of these very different starting points, we should wonder not why RDF-XML was so bad, but rather that it happened at all. Looking at the Semantic Web project, we can see a large portion of the idea is to liberate data from stifling documents only manipulated as a whole and allow the Web idea to operate right down to the level of a binary assertion. This densely inter-linked network of assertions is what I term the Data Web and represents a true second phase for the Web project.

The purpose of the Web is to allow us, its users, to share information and understanding (granted, given the perceived quality of the majority of the content, this may seem like a lofty and idealistic purpose but more on that later.) The Document Web allows us to post pages detailing the most tedious minutiae of a topic and link them in with other pages so that people can find them and share in our ennui. The Data Web allows us to tear down the artificial silos that divide our knowledge and benefit from emergence; the whole is more than the simple sum of its parts. It seems debatable whether it is possible to go further than that, however it is worth noting that the Data Web is very well-suited to blind aggregation, but questionable in its approach to human-oriented knowledge.”

Posted in P2P Technology, Uncategorized | No Comments »

Security notice: fixing disruption to the wordpress theme of this site

photo of James Burke

James Burke
29th March 2008


Some of you might of noticed that the theme to this blog has looked a little screwy in the last week, a couple of times. That’s because someone replaced the header to this site with their own code, some of which looked very spammy. I’m trying to lockdown the security here and find the culprit(although doubt i will get anywhere on that count). Bear with us here at the P2P Foundation if you notice any odd changes in the coming period. Probably a WordPress upgrade will not go amiss either. Thanks for your patience and understanding in advance.

Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

Top 5 P2P Books of the Month

photo of Jeff Petry

Jeff Petry
29th March 2008


1) Web Search: Multidisciplinary Perspectives, by Amanda Spink (Editor), Michael Zimmer (Editor) [via michaelzimmer.org]

Web search engines are not just indispensable tools for finding and accessing information online, but have become a defining component of the human condition and can be conceptualized as a complex behavior embedded within an individual’s everyday social, cultural, political, and information-seeking activities.

This book investigates Web search from the non-technical perspective, bringing together chapters that represent a range of multidisciplinary theories, models, and ideas. It examines the various roles and impacts of Web searching on the social, cultural, political, legal, and informational spheres of our lives, such as the impact on individuals, social groups, modern and postmodern ways of knowing, and public and private life. By critically examining the issues, theories, and formations arising from, and surrounding, Web searching, this book represents an important contribution to the emerging multidisciplinary body of research on Web search engines.

The new ideas and novel perspectives gathered in this volume will prove valuable for research and curricula in social sciences, communication studies, cultural studies, information science, and related disciplines.

2) WE THINK: mass innovation not mass production, by Charles Leadbeater [from his website]

We Think explores how the web is changing our world, creating a culture in which more people than ever can participate, share and collaborate, ideas and information.

Ideas take life when they are shared. That is why the web is such a potent platform for creativity and innovation.

It’s also at the heart of why the web should be good for : democracy, by giving more people a voice and the ability to organise themselves; freedom, by giving more people the opportunity to be creative and equality, by allowing knowledge to be set free.

But sharing also brings with it dilemmas.

It leaves us more open to abus and invasions of privacy.

Participation is not always a good thing: it can just create a cacophony.

Collaboration is sustained and reliable only under conditions which allow for self organisation.

Everywhere we turn there will be struggles between people who want to freely share – music, films, ideas, information – and those who want to control this activity, either corporations who want to make money or governments who fear debate and democracy. This conflict between the rising surge of mass collaboration and attempts to retain top down control will be one of the defining battles of our time, from Communist China, to Microsoft’s battle with open source and the music industry’s desperate rearguard action against the web.

Download the first three chapters of We Think.  There’s also a short animation explaining the book on Charles’ YouTube Channel: www.youtube.com/watch?v=qiP79vYsfbo

3) Music2.0, by Gerd Leonhard [from Gerd's email]

I just wanted to let  you know that my new book “Music2.0″  is finally ready and can now be ordered at www.music20book.com. 

“Music2.0″ is available both as a ‘real’ printed product, as well as a ‘pay what you want’ – pdf (I have heard this referred to do as ‘doing a Radio Head’ a few times… but whatever, that’s just the way I wanted to release this book); licensed under the 3.0 non-commercial use / attribution / share alike Creative Commons license. “Music2.0″ is kind of like a ‘Best of Gerd Leonhard’ compilation – if I may say so myself ;- , 227 pages filled with the best blog posts and juiciest essays from the past 4 years, slightly remixed and tweaked, riffing on that good old subject of the ‘Next generation of the Music Industry’.

The book continues and expands on some of the ideas and models I cooked up in my first book “The Future of Music” (co-written with my colleague Dave Kusek). It describes what the next generation of music companies will look and feel like, and gets even deeper into some of my favorite buzz-phrases such as Music Like Water and the Flat Rate for Music, Feels Like Free (FLF), the Usator, Friction is Fiction, and the People Formerly Known As Consumers.  Oooops, yes, sorry for that geek-speak!

To get your copy of the book or to retrieve the ‘pay what you want’ pdf download link, hurry up (we don’t actually have that many copies with this first print run) and go straight to the www.Music20book.com site (no, it’s not very pretty but it works).
If you are ready to shell out some cash (yeah, we’ll take any currency, $, too;) and order the real thing, please note that we will accept Paypal (and credit cards, via paypal) and will ship anywhere in the world. The book is in a pocket-book format (perfect for those airplane seat pockets;).

I hope you’ll enjoy Music2.0 (printed or pdf’ed, feels-like-free or indeed… paid!)

Cheerio

Gerd Leonhard
www.mediafuturist.com
gleonhard@pobox.com

4) From Exchange to Contributions: Generalizing Peer Production into the Physical World, Edition C. Siefkes

A new mode of production has emerged in the areas of software and content production. This mode, which is based on sharing and cooperation, has spawned whole mature operating systems such as GNU/Linux as well as innumerable other free software applications; giant knowledge bases such as the Wikipedia; a large free culture movement; and a new, wholly decentralized medium for spreading, analyzing and discussing news and knowledge, the so-called blogosphere.

So far, this new mode of production—peer production—has been limited to certain niches of production, such as information goods. This book discusses whether this limitation is necessary or whether the potential of peer production extends farther. In other words: Is a society possible in which peer production is the primary mode of production? If so, how could such a society be organized?

Is a society possible where production is driven by demand and not by profit? Where there is no need to sell anything and hence no unemployment? Where competition is more a game than a struggle for survival? Where there is no distinction between people with capital and those without? A society where it would be silly to keep your ideas and knowledge secret instead of sharing them; and where scarcity is no longer a precondition of economic success, but a problem to be worked around?

It is, and this book describes how.

5) Digital Dharma. A User’s Guide to Expanding Consciousness in the Infosphere, by Steven R. Vedro

Steven Vedro’s book, which we announced previously, is now out and available on the web and at bookstores. It tackles the inter-related development of personal and social development, with their enabling technologies. Vedro uses the seven-chakra metaphor to propose a “yoga of teleconsciousness”.

You will find various excerpts in his blog.  Here is a taste of Steven’s “Digital Dharma”:

We live in the age of instant communications. An electronic web surrounds the planet. Our ideas travel instantaneously to all points of the globe on electromagnetic waves and pulses of light. Emerging from what French philosopher-priest Pierre Teilhard de Chardin called the shared noosphere of collective human thought, invention and spiritual seeking, the Infosphere – the totality of our electromagnetic systems for sharing knowledge, is now a field that engulfs our physical, mental and etheric bodies; it affects our dreaming and our cultural life. The evolving human nervous system has been “outered” as media sage Marshal McLuhan predicted in the early 1960’s, into a global embrace that for all its wonder, has overwhelmed our senses and created new forms of media addiction. In the dire view philosopher William Irwin Thompson, our bodies are cooking “in a global mulligan stew of electromagnetic noise.”

Posted in Uncategorized | No Comments »

Documenting the history of fan communities

photo of Michel Bauwens

Michel Bauwens
25th March 2008


As Henry Jenkins shows in his strongly recommended essay on the Moral Economy of Web 2.0, fan communities were amongst the earliest examples of the trend towards participatory or user-generated content, exemplifying many of the contradictions between co-creation and hyper-exploitation.

The history of these fan movements are now being documented in a new project, i.e. Fan History . This is a fan run wiki project dedicated to writing and preserving fandom history.

Laura, one of the people behind the projecjt is asking fans to contribute to the project in order to share their experiences, and to help in our mission of documenting fandom history.
to contribute to to project in order to share their experiences
, and to help in our mission of documenting fandom history.”

Please contact her at laura@fanhistory.com.

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Posted in P2P Action Items, P2P Culture, P2P Lifestyles, Uncategorized | Comments Off

Mark Surman proposes a new political compass uniting pirates and communautarians

photo of Michel Bauwens

Michel Bauwens
22nd March 2008


New political compass

Mark Surman has an interesting blogpost reviewing various attempts to broaden the left/right divide with the new open paradigm. After a review of the other alternative attempts, he comes up with his own, which is pictured above.

He concludes that: “We need both halves of open. And, while each group needs to insist on doing things its own way, we also need to recognize each other as allies.”

Both communautarians of the left, and the pirate libertarians of the right, can find themselves around the shared value of openness.

Posted in Open Models, P2P Politics, Uncategorized | 2 Comments »

Distinguishing groups, networks and collectives

photo of Michel Bauwens

Michel Bauwens
21st March 2008


Terry Anderson introduces some key distinctions in collective p2p dynamics. It’s part of an essay on networked modes of learning.

groups, networks, and collectives

Terry Anderson:

the model illustrates three levels of aggregation of learners in either formal or informal learning.

The most familiar level is the group. Groups are cohesive and often have formal lines of authority and roles, such as designated chair/chairperson, team leader teacher, enrolled student etc. Groups consist of individuals who see themselves as part of that group. Groups are often structured around particular tasks or activities that may be term-based or ongoing. Groups may institute various levels of access control to restrict participation, review of group artifacts or transcripts to members so as to provide a less public domain in which to operate. Group members often use and create opportunities to meet face-to-face or online through group synchronous activities. Groups are more or less tightly knit teams of individuals who are committed to each other and usually to a task or tasks. Classic examples of groups include online education classes and short or long term business teams.

The second level of the “many” is the network. Networks connect distributed individuals. (Koper, Rusman& Sloep, 2005) define A Learning Network as “an ensemble of actors, institutions and learning resources which are mutually connected through and supported by information and communication technologies in such a way that the network self-organizes”(P. 18). Learners may be connected to other learners either directly or indirectly and may not even be aware of all those who form part of the wider network. The shape of the network is emergent, not designed. Most of us are members of many networks. Some are associated with religions, (church congregations), sports (home town fans), hobbies and interests (car clubs) vocations (school teachers or members of the chamber of Commerce) and many other networks. Entry and exit to networks is usually easy and persons drift in and out of network activity and participation based on relevance, time availability and other personal constraints. Many of the social networking sites such as FaceBook, Linked In and MySpace are recent web examples of network support and facilitation tools, but earlier email lists and threaded discussions can also support networked learning.

The final level of aggregation of the Many is collectives. Collectives are machine-aggregated representations of the activities of large number of individuals. They achieve value by extracting information from the individual, group, and network activities of large numbers of networked users. Commercial examples of collectives include recommender systems such as Amazon’s book recommendations that are derived from aggregating and comparing books I have ordered with the purchases of thousands of others and deriving recommendations for further purchase. There are many so called web 2.0 applications that create value through aggregation and analysis of collective activities such as user clickthroughs (Google Pageranks), information contributions (Wikipedia), photo and video tags and downloads (Flickre, Utube), article evaluations (Digg, SlashDot) and consumer rating services (ratemtyteacher.ca). Collective behavior can be as easy to extract as mere participation on the Net at individual, group or network levels. This data is harvested and aggregated to create collective knowledge. For example storing one’s favorite net resources on a social bookmarking site such as del.icio.us can have individual benefit as the resource can easily be retrieved, organized and managed by that individual owner. These resources, especially when they are aggregated with recommendations from others, could be very useful to group or network members. Moreover, when large numbers of resources are sorted, annotated and rated by many, the resultant resource listing gains considerable collective value.”

Posted in Collective Intelligence, P2P Education, P2P Subjectivity, Uncategorized | 1 Comment »

Peernet: Infrastructure and software for a million networks

photo of Sepp Hasslberger

Sepp Hasslberger
20th March 2008


In Extending the Internet: The Peernet OpenMesh, Robin Good pulls together the strings of an evolving idea.

It started out with “Backing up the Internet in a P2P ‘cloud’“, a discussion around the concept of making the internet more resilient to all kinds of interference, and perhaps even providing an alternative way of interaction that isn’t based on the web (client/server) model.

The idea evolved from “let’s build a separate P2P infrastructure” to “users could help bridge the last mile and in the process construct a ubiquitous wireless mesh”. This seems doable, especially with open source mesh communication and relay protocols and hardware coming on line at a fairly rapid pace. Will it catch on to become the next big thing? No telling yet, but the time seems right.

With hardware and protocols chugging along, the big question becomes: What kind of P2P interaction software will become the the killer-app that helps P2P catch on everywhere?

For now we have Skype and BitTorrent with a fairly large user base each. But for the breakthrough to ubiquity, we might need something of more immediate and intimate applicability, something that touches everyone’s lives.

Will social networks (such as Ning) morph into P2P apps? Will the killer be a financial app that takes the wind out of the banks’ sails, perhaps a P2P implementation of the Ripple protocol or will it be a thousand local currencies blending into a glorious mesh of economic interaction as advocated by the people at Open Money?

Perhaps there is no need for the killer-app – it could well be that we’ll end up with a million networks that perennially evolve and struggle to find a common interface and – hopefully – find it in the Peernet.

For now, take a look at what Robin put together in his Extending the Internet: The Peernet OpenMesh

Posted in P2P Commons, P2P Development | 1 Comment »